Figure 1

Schematic framework of the network based surveillance system. The reporting and non-reporting vertices are indicated with o and v, respectively. s ^∗ is the outbreak source. Note that not all nodes in the surveillance network need to have reporting ability. t is the traveling time of the outbreak among nodes. The ideal situation is to have an anticipation of epidemic arrivals for rapid response to the epidemic rather than absent or late reporting of epidemic arrivals that translates into a certain, possibly high magnitude outbreaks. The underlying template network is taken from (Pinto et al. 2012).